The student will demonstrate skills for historical and geographical analysis, including the ability to

1. analyze and interpret primary and secondary source documents to increase understanding of events and life in United States history from 1877 to the present;
2. make connections between past and present;
3. sequence events in United States history from 1877 to the present;
4. interpret ideas and events from different historical perspectives;
5. evaluate and debate issues orally and in writing;
6. analyze and interpret maps that include major physical features;
7. use parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude to describe hemispheric location;
8. interpret patriotic slogans and excerpts from notable speeches and documents. 

The student will use maps, globes, photographs, pictures, and tables for

1. explaining how physical features and climate influenced the movement of people westward;
2. explaining relationships among natural resources, transportation, and industrial development after 1877;
3. locating the 50 states and the cities most significant to the historical development of the United States.  

The student will demonstrate knowledge of how life changed after the Civil War by

1. identifying the reasons for westward expansion;
2. explaining the reasons for the increase in immigration, growth of cities, new inventions, and challenges arising from this expansion;
3. describing racial segregation, the rise of “Jim Crow,” and other constraints faced by African Americans in the post-Reconstruction South;
4. explaining the rise of big business, the growth of industry, and life on American farms;
5. describing the impact of the Progressive Movement on child labor, working conditions, the rise of organized labor, women’s suffrage, and the temperance movement.

1. explaining the reasons for and results of the Spanish American War;
2. explaining the reasons for the United States’ involvement in World War I and its leadership role at the conclusion of the war.  

The student will demonstrate knowledge of the social, economic, and technological changes of the early twentieth century by

1. explaining how developments in transportation (including the use of the automobile), communication, and rural electrification changed American life;
2. describing the social changes that took place, including prohibition, and the Great Migration north;
3. examining art, literature, and music from the 1920s and 1930s, emphasizing Langston Hughes, Duke Ellington, and Georgia O’Keeffe and including the Harlem Renaissance;
4. identifying the causes of the Great Depression, its impact on Americans, and the major features of Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal.

1. identifying the causes and events that led to American involvement in the war, including the attack on Pearl Harbor;
2. describing the major events and turning points of the war in Europe and the Pacific;
3. describing the impact of World War II on the homefront.  

1. describing the rebuilding of Europe and Japan after World War II, the emergence of the United States as a superpower, and the establishment of the United Nations;
2. describing the conversion from a wartime to a peacetime economy;
3. identifying the role of America’s military and veterans in defending freedom during the Cold War, including the wars in Korea and Vietnam, the Cuban missile crisis, the collapse of communism in Europe, and the rise of new challenges;
4. describing the changing patterns of society, including expanded educational and economic opportunities for military veterans, women, and minorities.

1. examining the Civil Rights Movement and the changing role of women;
2. describing the development of new technologies and their impact on American life.